Manila, Philippines – Retired Vice Admiral Alexander Lopez, spokesperson for the National Maritime Council (NMC), has called for a review of the 1951 Mutual Defense Treaty (MDT) between the Philippines and the U.S., citing significant changes in the global security landscape.
Lopez emphasized that the treaty, drafted during the Cold War, may no longer fully address current security challenges such as rising tensions in the South China Sea, cyber threats, and terrorism. He added that adapting the MDT to these emerging risks is necessary to protect national interests.
While supporting a reassessment, Lopez left it to the Department of National Defense (DND) to determine the specifics. He acknowledged that the review process is already a “work in progress,” but emphasized the importance of diplomacy and thorough evaluation.
About the Mutual Defense Treaty (MDT)
The MDT, signed in 1951, guarantees that both nations will support each other in the event of external aggression. Over the years, it has facilitated joint military exercises and U.S. assistance in Philippine security matters.
However, with growing regional threats, particularly China’s assertiveness in the South China Sea, questions arise about how the treaty applies to modern conflicts.
Lopez believes that a careful update of the treaty is needed to ensure its relevance and effectiveness, especially in safeguarding Philippine sovereignty and addressing new threats.